Antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of capulin
(Prunus serotina subsp capuli) extracts
actividad antioxidante y antimicrobiana de extractos
de capulin (Prunus serotina subsp capuli)
M. JIMENEZ, I. CASTILLO, E. AZUARA AND C.I. BERISTAIN
INSTITUTO DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS, UNIVERSIDAD VERACRUZANA,
APDO. POSTAL 575, CP 91192, XALAPA, VERACRUZ, MÉXICO.
Abstract
Capulin (Prunus serotina subsp. capuli) is an annual fruit widely used in Mexico for the elaboration of several traditional products, such as medicinal tea, which is considered to present antioxidant and antimicrobial properties.
The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of aqueous, acetone, ethanol and methanol extracts. The ethanol extract presented a high anthocyanin (102±7.70 mg Cyd-3-glu/100 g extract) and polyphenol (1732±43.40 mg GAE /100 g extract) content and a high scavenging antioxidant activity (73.47±0.01%) in accordance with the reducing power (3.164±0.028), redox potential (395±2 mV) and optical density (0.921±0.08).
It also presented antimicrobial activity against the majority of gram (−) bacteria: Salmonella typhimurium, Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomona aeruginosa, but only against one gram (+) bacterium: Staphylococcus aureus. In addition, said extract inhibited yeast activity, but had no effect on molds. Therefore, this ethanol extract could present potential as a food additive.
Keywords: polyphenols, anthocyanins, antibacterial, DPPH, redox potential.
ANTIOXIDANT-AND-ANTIMICROBIAL-ACTIVITY-OF-CAPULIN.pdf
Flavonoids from Prunus serotina Ehrh.
MONIKA OLSZEWSKA
DEPARTMENT OF PHARMACOGNOSY, FACULTY OF PHARMACY, MEDICAL UNIVERSITY OF £ÛDÜ,
Abstract
In the course of chemotaxonomic study of the genus Prunus, seven flavonol glycosides were isolated from the leaves of Prunus serotina Ehrh., characterized by UV and NMR spectroscopy, and identified finally as three quercetin monosides: hyperoside, avicularin, reynoutrin, three quercetin biosides: 3-O-(6î-O-α-Lrhamnopyranosyl)- β-D-glucopyranoside, 3-O-(2î-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranoside and 3-O- (2î-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-β-D-galactopyranoside as well isorhamnetin 3-O-(6î-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl)- β-D-glucopyranoside. The presence of determined flavonoids in the flowers was confirmed by TLC.
Keywords: Prunus serotina Ehrh.; flavonoids; leaves; flowers; isolation; identification
FLAVONOIDS-FROM-PRUNUS-SEROTINA-EHRH.pdf
Vasorelaxant constituents of the leaves of Prunus
Serotina “Capulín”
CÉSAR IBARRA-ALVARADOa, ALEJANDRA ROJASa*, FRANCISCO LUNAa, J. ISELA ROJASb, BLANCA RIVERO-CRUZc,
AND J. FAUSTO RIVERO-CRUZc
Abstract
Phytochemical study of the vasorelaxant ethyl acetate fraction obtained from the methanolic extract of the leaves of Prunus serotina resulted in the isolation of three known natural products, hyperoside (1), prunin (2), and ursolic acid (3). Compounds 1 (EC50 = 91.3 ± 14.1 μg/ml), 2 (EC50 = 66.0 ± 19.4 μg/ml) and 3 (EC50 = 154.4 ± 7.5 μg/ml) displayed a concentration-dependent relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Compound 1 was approximately ten fold less potent than acetylcholine (ACh) (EC50= 8.7 ± 0.8 μg/ml), which was employed as a positive control. However, this compound induced a maximum vasodilator effect (Emax = 92.3 ± 7.7 %) that was higher than that of ACh (Emax = 69.5 ± 5.7 %). In addition, it was found that the essential oil obtained from the leaves of P. serotina promoted vascular smooth muscle relaxation.
The oil was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and fifty seven compounds were detected. Four of the major constituents, benzyl alcohol (4) (20.3 %), benzaldehyde (5) (12.1 %), cinnamyl alcohol (6) (4.7 %), and cinnamaldehyde (7) (1.1 %) also induced a concentration-dependent relaxation of rat aorta. The greatest vasorelaxant effect was observed for compound 6 (EC50 = 42.2 ± 5.7 μg/ml). The results derived from this study provide a scientific basis for the traditional use of the leaves of this plant for the treatment of hypertension.
Key words: Essential oil, hyperoside, ursolic acid, isolated rat aorta, Prunus serotina, vasorelaxation.