Antisecretory activity from the flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and its
flavonoids on intestinal fluid accumulation induced by Vibrio cholerae toxin in rats
CLAUDIA VELÁZQUEZ, FERNANDO CALZADA, BALDOMERO ESQUIVEL, ELIZABETH BARBOSA, SAMUEL CALZADA
Abstract
Ethnopharmacological relevance: The flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon Larreat. (Sterculiaceae) has been traditionally used as folk medicine in Mexico for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders such as diarrhea and dysentery. Aim of the study: This study aimed to assess the antisecretory activity which supports the therapeutic use of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and its flavonoids to treat diarrhea. Materials and methods: The methanol extract of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, subsequent fractions, and flavonoids were evaluated on cholera toxin-induced intestinal secretion in rat jejunal loops model. Results: Three antisecretory flavonoids were isolated by bioassay-guided purification, namely, isoquercitrin 3, (+)-catechin 4 and (−)-epicatechin 5. Among them, epicatechin exhibited the most potent antisecretory activity with ID50 of 8.3M/kg. Its potency was close that of to loperamide (ID50 6.1M/kg), drug used as control. Isoquercitrin (ID50 19.2M/kg) and catechin (ID50 51.7M/kg) showed moderate and weak activity, respectively. Conclusion: The results of the present study lend some support to the anecdotal report for the traditional use of the flowers of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon in the control of dysentery.
Keywords: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, Sterculiaceae, Flavonoids, Antisecretory activity, Vibrio cholerae toxin.
Antiviral Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
M. J. ABAD, P. BERMEJO, A. VILLAR, S. SANCHEZ PALOMINO AND L. CARRASCO
Abstract
Dichloromethane and ethanol extracts of 12 plants with a history of use in traditional medicine, were tested for antiviral activity against herpes simplex type I. The most potent inhibition was shown by ethanol extracts of Eugenia jambos, Cistus populifolius, Lippia alba, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Tuberaria lignosa. These extracts, and others that had no effect, were chosen for more extensive studies against poliovirus type 1 and vesicular stomatitis virus. It was found that the ethanol extracts of Eugenia jambos, Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Santolina oblongifolia inhibited the replication of VSV, but none of the extracts investigated had any effect on poliovirus replication. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Phytother. Res. 11, 198–202, 1997.
Keywords: medicinal plant extracts; antiviral activity; HSV-1; poliovirus type 1; VSV.
Antiviral-Activity-of-Medicinal-Plant-Extracts.pdf
In vitro susceptibility of Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia to
plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the
treatment of gastrointestinal disorders
FERNANDO CALZADA, LILIAN YÉPEZ-MULIA, ABIGAÍL AGUILAR
Abstract
In our search for new antiprotozoal chemotherapy, we collected a selection of 26 plants used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders. Methanolic extracts of these species were screened for their antiprotozoal activity against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia trophozoites using in vitro tests. Among the tested extracts, the derivates of following species showed selectivity and significant antiprotozoal activity: Chiranthodendron pentadactylon, Annona cherimola and Punica granatum were the most active on Entamoeba histolytica with IC50 <30g/ml. Dorstenia contrajerva, Senna villosa and Ruta chalepensis were the most active toward Giardia lamblia with IC50 <38g/ml. The potency of Chiranthodendron pentadactylon (IC50 2.5g/ml) on Entamoeba histolytica was close that of to emetine, but far less than metronidazole, drugs used as control. The results of the antiprotozoal screening support the popular uses of the studied species for the treatment of diarrhoea and dysentery in Mexican traditional medicine. © 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Mexican medicinal plant; Methanolic extract; Antiprotozoal activity; Entamoeba histolytica; Giardia lamblia.
In-vitro-susceptibility-of-Entamoeba-histolytica-and-Giardia-lamblia-to-plants-used-in-Mexican-traditional-medicine-for-the-treatment-of-gastrointestinal-disorders.pdf